Evaluation of GHG Emissions from Septic Systems
The emission rates of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from individual onsite septic systems used for the management of domestic wastewater were determined in this study. A static flux chamber method was...
Improving the Efficacy of Wastewater-Polishing Reed Beds
This title belongs to WERF Research Report Series.
The purposes of the project were to:
a) determine species of microbiological contaminants entering, residing, and...
Developing Better Indicators for Pathogen Presence in Sewage Sludge
Today, more than eight million tons of biosolids are generated annually for land application nationwide. These biosolids contain beneficial plant nutrients, soil conditioners, and may contain...
Guidance Manual for Separation of Graywater from Blackwater for Graywater Reuse
Increasing efforts in water conservation have prompted home and business owners to learn more about water reuse. One reuse application of interest is separating graywater (all wastewater excluding...
Striking the Balance between Nutrient Removal in Wastewater Treatment and Sustainability
This study focuses on sustainability impacts as wastewater treatment plants implement treatment technologies to meet increasingly stringent nutrient limits. The objective is to determine if a...
Development of Design Criteria for Denitrifying Treatment Wetlands
Subsurface wetlands are well suited for on-site applications because they provide odor and vector control and they mitigate public access issues (U.S. EPA, 1993). Artificial subsurface wetlands...
Strategic Risk Communications Process for Biosolids Land Application Programs
The long-term viability and sustainability of biosolids land application is dependent on continuously earning stakeholder confidence, trust and support. This requires ongoing and effective...
Phosphorus Removal Potential Using Biogenic Iron Oxides
Biogenic iron oxides produced by circumneutral iron-oxidizing bacteria were evaluated for phosphate removal. Traditional batch equilibrium experiments were coupled with bench-scale flow through...
Nitrogen Removal and Sustainability of Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands for Small Scale Wastewater Treatment
The goals of environmental sustainability, through minimizing resource use, maximizing energy efficiency, reducing waste emissions, enabling recycling, and increasing resilience are becoming...
Conducting Effective Community Outreach and Dialogue on Biosolids Land Application: Primer for Biosolids Professionals
Purpose of this Primer: Based on research and experience acquired through this project and from related industries, WERF and the researchers recommend adopting a systematic, science-based approach...